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On the Efficacy of Surface Codes in Compensating for Radiation Events in Superconducting Devices
DescriptionIn this paper, we investigate the resilience of various implementations of state-of-the-art QEC codes to radiation-induced faults. We report data from over 400 million fault injections and correlate hardware faults with the logical error observed after decoding the code output, extrapolating physical-to-logical error rates.
We compare the code's radiation-induced logical error rate over the code distance, the number and role in the QEC of physical qubits, the underlying quantum computer topology, and particle energy spread in the chip.
We show that, by simply selecting and tuning properly the surface code, thus without introducing any overhead, the probability of correcting a radiation-induced fault is increased by up to 10%.
Finally, we provide indications and guidelines for the design of future QEC codes to further increase their effectiveness against radiation-induced events.